Statue of Unity – Ek Bharat, Shreshtha Bharat Rain Forest Ektanagar

Ailanthus excelsa

Syn. Pongelion excelsum

IUCN Red List Data Deficient (DD)

Local name

  • Indian Tree of Heaven (English)
  • Mahanimb (Hindi)
  • Arduso (Gujarati)

Tree type

Evergreen Deciduous
Family: Simaroubaceae
18m

Indicated uses

Medicinal Edible Ornamental Avenue Other

Flowering & fruiting

Flowering Fruiting

Key characters

Ailanthus excelsa bark

Bark

The trunk is straight, 60–80 cm in diameter; bark light grey and smooth, becoming grey-brown and rough on large trees, aromatic, slightly bitter.

Ailanthus excelsa leaves

Leaves

Leaves alternate, pinnately compound, large, 30–60 cm or more in length; leaflets 8–14 or more pairs, long stalked, ovate or broadly lance shaped from very unequal base, 6–10 cm long, 3–5 cm wide, often curved, long pointed, hairy gland.

Ailanthus excelsa flower

Flower

Flower clusters droop at leaf bases, shorter than leaves, much branched; flowers many, mostly male and female on different trees, short stalked, greenish-yellow. Five sepals, 5 narrow petals spreading 6 mm across.

Ailanthus excelsa fruit / seeds

Fruit / Seeds

Fruit a 1-seeded samara, lance shaped, flat, pointed at ends, 5 cm long, 1 cm wide, copper red, strongly veined, twisted at the base.

Ailanthus excelsa

Did you know?

The genus name Ailanthus is a Latin alteration of ailanto which translates to “tree of heaven,” due to how tall and fast the tree grows toward the sky, the Indonesian name for Ailanthus moluccana.

Distribution

World map showing distribution

Indian Subcontinent, Andaman Islands