Bark
Dark grayish-brown bark covering older stems that are uniquely four-angled (quadrangular) and deeply grooved, while younger branches are hairy.
Syn. Vincentia flavescens
Dark grayish-brown bark covering older stems that are uniquely four-angled (quadrangular) and deeply grooved, while younger branches are hairy.
Oblanceolate to obovate, light green leaves (4–12 cm long) with asymmetric bases, roughly serrated margins, and a distinctly harsh, sandpaper-like texture.
Bright yellow, star-like flowers blooming in small axillary clusters, featuring five slender petals that curl backwards around numerous golden stamens.
Hard, shallowly two-lobed, berry-like drupes (~10 mm) that ripen to a shiny, yellowish-brown or reddish-hued crust containing highly resilient seeds.
Although its stems are crooked and fluted, the dense, tough wood is used to make sturdy walking sticks, building poles and traditional wooden door latches.
Tropical & S. Africa to India