Statue of Unity – Ek Bharat, Shreshtha Bharat Rain Forest Ektanagar

Indigofera tinctoria

Syn. Indigofera sumatrana

IUCN Red List Least Concern (LC)

Local name

  • True Indigo (English)
  • Nilika (Hindi)
  • Gandhapushpa (Sanskrit)

Shrub type

Evergreen Deciduous
Family: Fabaceae
1.5m

Indicated uses

Medicinal Edible Ornamental Avenue Other

Flowering & fruiting

Flowering Fruiting

Key characters

Indigofera tinctoria bark

Bark

Smooth, greyish-green to light brown bark covering slender, woody, copiously-branched stems that are often coated in tiny, fine silver hairs.

Indigofera tinctoria leaves

Leaves

Pinnately compound leaves (5–10 cm long) composed of 9 to 13 oval, opposite leaflets that feature a smooth, pale-green undersurface.

Indigofera tinctoria flower

Flower

Small, butterfly-like pink or reddish-orange flowers clustered heavily along narrow, multi-flowered spikes (racemes) rising from the leaf axils.

Indigofera tinctoria fruit / seeds

Fruit / Seeds

Slender, linear, cylindrical pods (2.5–3 cm long) that are sharply deflexed (pointing downwards), enclosing 5 to 12 tiny, cubic seeds.

Indigofera tinctoria

Did you know?

Before synthetic dyes were developed, natural indigo was a valuable global commodity traded across major trade routes. Its dye and dyed textiles were prized for their rich blue colour and commercial value.

Distribution

World map showing distribution

W. Tropical Africa, Tanzania to S. Africa, Indian Subcontinent to Indo-China